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Eastern Intercollegiate Basketball League
The Eastern Intercollegiate Basketball League was an athletic conference for men’s college basketball, beginning with the 1901–02 season and ending with the 1954–55 season. Its membership ranged from four to eight members; all of these teams now compete in the Ivy League, which began play in 1955–56 and considers its men’s basketball league to be a continuation of the EIBL. The EIBL/Ivy is the oldest basketball conference in the National Collegiate Athletic Association; the next oldest, the Big Ten Conference, began play in 1905–06.〔For the EIBL starting date, see (“Ivy Group” ), ''Sports-reference.com'', and “Division I Conference Alignment History” in the ''2014–15 NCAA Men’s Basketball Records'', p. 21, http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/m_basketball_RB/2015/Conference.pdf. For the Big 10 starting date in basketball, see the ''2014–15 Big 10 Men’s Basketball Media Guide'', p.76, http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/big10/sports/m-baskbl/auto_pdf/2014-15/misc_non_event/B1GMG.pdf. All retrieved January 17, 2015.〕
==History==
The league was founded in the 1901–02 season by five schools: Columbia University, Cornell University, Harvard University, Princeton University, and Yale University.〔''Daily Princetonian'', (“Intercollegiate Basketball Association Formation,” ) May 27, 1901, pg. 2, col. 1, and (“Intercollegiate Basketball Schedule,” ) November 25, 1901, pg. 1, col. 2. All retrieved January 17, 2015.〕 The league adopted the double round robin format that has since become standard for college basketball conferences, with each team hosting every other team once and in turn being hosted by all of the others once. Yale won the initial championship with a 5–3 record.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/conferences/ivy/1902.html )〕 The University of Pennsylvania was admitted to the league for the 1903–04 season, after securing temporary playing facilities.〔For Penn’s admission, see (“Basketball News,” ) ''Daily Princetonian'', October 13, 1903, pg. 1, col. 3, retrieved January 17, 2015; for the temporary gym, see Zingg, Paul J., ''Pride of the Palestra: ninety years of Pennsylvania basketball.'' Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 1987, p.17.〕 The championships during the first few years were evenly divided between Yale, Columbia, and Penn, with the Bulldogs winning three times, and the other two schools winning twice each. The league struggled in its first incarnation; there were many disagreements over the playing rules and eligibility, violent play was common, and on several occasions, teams failed to meet their obligation to play a complete league schedule.〔For disputes about playing rules, see (“Basketball News,” ) ''Daily Princetonian'', October 17, 1906, p. 1, col. 2; for disputes about eligibility, see (“Intercollegiate Basketball,” ) ''Cornell Daily Sun'', December 19, 1905, p. 8, col. 4. For roughness in the game, see (“Princeton withdraws from basketball league,” ) ''Daily Princetonian'', March 20, 1908, p. 1, col. 2, and (“Review of 1908 Basketball,” ) ''Cornell Daily Sun'', March 3, 1908, p. 1, col. 1. For games not being played, see (“Basketball Practice Ceases,” ) ''Cornell Daily Sun'', March 26, 1902, p. 3, col. 2, and (“Athletic Committee Meeting,” ) ''The Harvard Crimson'', February 18, 1904. All retrieved January 17, 2015.〕 Harvard had particular difficulties due to limitations placed upon them by the school’s faculty, which forced the squad to drop out of the league in 1904–05 and 1907–08 (and to stop playing altogether between 1908–1909 and 1919–20).〔(“Intercollegiate Basketball Association Meeting,” ) ''Daily Princetonian'', March 16, 1904, p. 1, col. 1, and (“Harvard Leaves Basketball League,” ) ''The Harvard Crimson'', April 29, 1907; for the program being dropped, see (“Harvard Men’s Basketball All-time Results,” ), ''Gocrimson.com''. All retrieved January 17, 2015.〕 These factors led to the collapse of the league, with no competition being held in 1908–09 or 1909–10.〔''Daily Princetonian'', (“Intercollegiate Basketball,” ) March 30, 1908, p. 1, col. 4, and (“Notes from the Colleges: New Basketball League,” ) April 13, 1910, p. 4, col. 2. All retrieved January 17, 2015.〕 The league was reorganized in 1910–11 under the leadership of Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Famer Ralph Morgan, with Columbia, Cornell, Penn, Princeton, and Yale participating.〔("Hall of Famers: Ralph Morgan" ). Basketball Hall of Fame (''Hoophall.com''). Retrieved January 17, 2015. For league membership, see (“Notes from the Colleges: New Basketball League.” )〕 Dartmouth College joined the conference in 1911–12; Yale dropped out in 1912–13, but returned the following year.〔''Yale Daily News'', (“Basketball Will Be Continued,” ) October 17, 1912, p. 1, col. 4, and (“Basketball Team in League,” ) September 27, 1913, p. 1, col. 2. All retrieved January 17, 2015.〕 The conference remained stable at six teams from 1913–14 until 1932–33〔 (with a one year suspension in 1918–19 for World War I). Columbia and Cornell were successful early in this period, with the Lions winning two championships, the Big Red one, and both sharing a fourth (the only time a first-place tie was not broken by a playoff game).〔 The late teens and early ‘20’s saw the rise of a great Penn team, winning three straight league championships and defeating the University of Chicago, champions of the Western Conference, in a best-of-three “national championship” series held at the end of the 1919–20 season. This string was interrupted by Princeton, who finished first in 1922 and 1923,〔 and were themselves arguably national champions in 1925.〔According to the Helms Foundation: see http://www.bigbluehistory.net/bb/helms.html. Retrieved January 17, 2015〕 The late 20’s and early 30’s were mostly divided between Columbia and Penn.〔
Harvard finally rejoined the league in 1933–34, bringing membership to seven teams. Harvard, Princeton, and Yale all suspended their participation for varying lengths of time during World War II, reducing the league to as few as four members in the 1944–45 season; however, all three quickly resumed their places in the league within two years of the war’s end.〔For Harvard's departure from and return to the league, see ("Through Three Years of War," ) ''The Harvard Crimson'', December 8, 1944, ("Tiger Five to Open EIL Season Dec. 4," ) ''The Princeton Bulletin'', November 15, 1943, p. 1, col. 2, and ("25-Game Basketball Schedule Slated," ) ''The Harvard Crimson'', October 25, 1946; for Princeton, see ''The Princeton Bulletin'', (“University Drops League Competition,” ) August 14, 1944, p. 1, col. 3, and (“Princeton Basketeers Face Nineteen-Game Schedule,” ) November 16, 1945, p. 3, col. 2; for Yale, see (“War-time Athletic Program Retains Four Varsity Sports,” ) ''Yale Daily News'', March 26, 1943, p. 1, col. 4, (“Tiger Five to Open EIL Season Dec. 4,” ), and (“Many Prospective Cagers Turn Out for Meeting,” ) ''The Daily Princetonian'', March 28, 1946, p. 1, col. 3. All retrieved January 17, 2015.〕 The late 30’s and early 40’s saw the rise of a long-lived dynasty at Dartmouth, which won seven straight championships (still an EIBL/Ivy record) and made two trips to the finals of the new NCAA national championship tournament.〔 By contrast, the post-war period produced a high degree of parity, with every team except Harvard winning at least once between 1945–46 and 1953–54.〔 During these years, the movement to form the Ivy League was gathering momentum, culminating in the 1954 agreement to establish formal competition. As part of this process, Brown University joined the league for its final two seasons, and it was decided that the EIBL would be absorbed into the Ivy League beginning in 1955–56. The EIBL went out with a bang in 1954–55, with Princeton emerging as the league’s final champion from a three-way playoff with Columbia and Penn.〔
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